Mastrawberries akapinda muchikamu chemaruva, uye zvipembenene zvikuru pamastrawberries-aphids, thrips, spider mites, nezvimwewo zviri kutangawo kurwisa. Nekuda kwekuti spider mite, thrips, uye aphid tupukanana twudiki, zvakavanzwa zvakanyanya uye zvinonetsa kuona padanho rekutanga. Zvisinei, vanoberekana nokukurumidza uye zvinogona kukonzera njodzi nyore nyore uye kukonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi. Naizvozvo, zvinofanirwa kusimbaradza ongororo yemamiriro ezvipembenene kuti uwane kukurumidza kuona uye kudzivirira nekukurumidza nekudzora.
Zviratidzo zvekukuvadza
1. Aphids
Maaphid makuru anokuvadza sitirobheri maaphid edonje uye green peach aphid. Vakuru uye nymphs vanoungana pasi pemashizha e sitirobheri, mashizha epakati, uye petioles, vachisveta muto we sitirobheri uye kuvhara huchi. Mushure mekunge mapeji ekukura uye mashizha epakati akuvadzwa, mashizha anomonereka uye anomonyoroka, zvichikanganisa kukura kwechirimwa.
2. Thrips
Mushure mokunge mashizha e sitirobheri akakuvadzwa, mashizha akaora anopera uye anosiya mazino. Mashizha anotanga aratidza mavara machena obva abatanidzwa mumashiti. Kana kukanganisa kwakanyanya, mashizha anova maduku, kuderera, kana kunyange yero, kuoma, uye kusvava, zvichikanganisa photosynthesis; panguva yemaruva, mashizha anokuvadzwa. Kukuvadza kunogona kukonzera kukanganiswa kwe stamen, maruva sterility, petal discoloration, etc. Zvipembenene zvevanhu vakuru zvinogonawo kukanganisa michero uye kukanganisa kukosha kwehupfumi hwemichero. Pamusoro pezvo, thrips inogona zvakare kuparadzira akasiyana mavhairasi uye kukonzera kukuvadzwa kwekugadzira sitirobheri.
3. Nyeredzi mhere
Mhando huru yespider mite inokuvadza sitiroberi ndiyo spider mite ine mavara maviri. Nhunzi yehadzi yakakura yakatsvuka kusviba ine makwapa matema pamativi ese emuviri uye yakaita oval. Overwintering mazai matsvuku, nepo asiri-overwintering mazai ari mashoma akachenuruka eyero. Mite midiki yechizvarwa che overwintering yakatsvuka, nepo mite diki yechizvarwa chisiri-overwintering ndeyeyero. Iyo nymphae yechizvarwa che overwintering yakatsvuka, uye nymphae yechizvarwa chisina-overwintering ndeyero ine mavara madema kumativi ose emuviri. Zvikuru, pwere nenyati dzinosveta muto pasi pemashizha uye dzinovaka dandemutande. Padanho rekutanga, sporadic chlorosis makwapa anoonekwa pamashizha, uye mumatambudziko akaomarara, mavara machena anopararira kwese. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, mashizha anopisa uye anodonha, zvichiita kuti mbeu isati yakwegura.
Mitemo yezvinoitika
1. Aphids
Aphids anowanzo famba-famba mashizha madiki, petioles, uye shizha pasi kuti ayamwe muto uye avhare huchi kuti asvibise mashizha. Panguva imwecheteyo, maaphid anoparadzira utachiona uye kuderedza mbesa.
2. Thrips
Kudziya, kwakaoma mamiriro ekunze anofarira izvi. Inoitika gore negore mugreenhouse yezuva uye marudzi uye overwinters ikoko, kazhinji 15-20 zvizvarwa / gore; inoitika mugreenhouse muchirimo uye matsutso kusvika pakukohwa. Nymphs nevakuru vanowanzovanda pakati pemaruva uye petals anoputika, uye akavanzwa zvakanyanya. Zvakaoma kuti mishonga yezvipembenene inobata zvakananga nekuuraya zvipembenene.
3. Nyeredzi mhere
Nyuva diki nenhombo dzekutanga hadzina kunyanya kushanda, ukuwo nhunzvadzi dzepanguva yekupedzisira dzinenge dzichiita uye dzine makaro uye dzine tsika yekukwira dzichikwira. Inobata mashizha ezasi kutanga uye inopararira kumusoro. Kupisa kwakanyanya uye kusanaya kwemvura zvinonyanya kuita kuti pave nemhungu, uye hunyoro hwenguva refu hunoita kuti zviome kurarama.
Kudzivirira uye Kudzora Tekinoroji
1. Aphids
(1) Matanho ekurima:kurumidza kubvisa mashizha akare uye ane chirwere sitirobheri uye kuchenesa sora kumativi e greenhouse.
(2) Kudzivirirwa kwemuviri uye kutonga:Isa mambure asingapindi tumbuyu munzvimbo dzekufemesa; gadza mapuranga eyero kuti ateye uye aauraye mugreenhouse. Vanozoshandiswa kubva panguva yekudyara. Imwe neimwe greenhouse inoshandisa 10-20 zvidimbu, uye kureba kwekurembera kwakakwira zvishoma pane sitrobheni zvirimwa ne10-20 cm. Teya winged aphids uye uvatsive nguva dzose.
(3) Kudzora zvipenyu:Mumatanho ekutanga ekuitika kweaphid, ladybugs anoburitswa mumunda, uye zana macalorie paeka (mazai makumi maviri pakadhi) anoburitswa kuuraya hove. Chenjerera kuchengetedza vavengi vepanyama senge lacewings, hoverflies, uye aphid braconid wasps.
(4) Kudzora kwemakemikari:Unogona kushandisa 25% thiamethoxam mvura-inoraswa granules 3000-5000 nguva semvura, 3% acetamiprid EC 1500 nguva semvura, uye 1.8% abamectin EC 1000-1500 nguva semvura. Ngwarira kutenderera kwemishonga. Chengetedza kupindirana kwekuchengetedza kwemishonga yezvipembenene kudzivirira kukura kwekupokana kwezvipembenene uye phytotoxicity. (Cherechedza: Pakudzivirira pfapfaidzo, dzivisa nguva yekutumbuka sitirobheri, uye bvisa nyuchi kunze kweshedhi paunenge uchiisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene.)
2. Thrips
(1) Dziviriro yezvekurima nekudzora:Bvisa sora muminda yemuriwo nenzvimbo dzakatenderedza kuderedza huwandu hwevanhu hwezvipembenene zvinopisa. Inonyanya kuoma panguva yekusanaya kwemvura, saka kukanganisa kunogona kuderedzwa nekuona kuti zvirimwa zvanyatsodiridzwa.
(2) Kudzora muviri:Misungo yezvipembenene yebhuruu kana yero inoshandiswa kuteya thrips, iyo inonyanya kushanda. Rembera 20-30 zvidimbu paeka, uye kumucheto kwepasi kweplate yevaravara kunofanira kuva 15-20cm kubva kumusoro kwechirimwa, uye kuwedzera apo chirimwa chinokura.
(3) Kudzora zvipenyu:Huwandu hwemathrips hunogona kudzorwa zvine mutsindo nekushandisa vavengi vemhuka dzemhuka. Kana mathrips akawanikwa mugreenhouse, kuburitswa panguva yakakodzera kwe20,000 Amblysei mite kana nyowani cucumber mite/acre, kamwe chete pamwedzi, inogona kunyatso kudzora kukanganisa. Mishonga yezvipembenene haibvumirwi kushandiswa mazuva manomwe isati yasvika uye panguva yekusunungurwa.
(4) Kudzora kwemakemikari:Kana zvipembenene zvakaderera, shandisa 2% emamectin EC 20-30 g/mu uye 1.8% abamectin EC 60 ml/mu. Kana zvipembenene zvanyanya, shandisa 6% spinosad 20 ml/eka pakupfapfaidza foliar. Kana tichishandisa mishonga yezvipembenene, chekutanga, tinofanira kutarisisa kune kumwe kushandiswa kwemishonga yakasiyana-siyana kuti iite zinyekenyeke. Chechipiri, tinofanira kuchenjerera kumwaya mishonga yezvipembenene kwete chete pamiti asiwo pasi kana tichipfapfaidza, nokuti mamwe magonye akakura anomera muvhu. (Amamectin neabamectin zvine muchetura kunyuchi. Pamufirita kuitira kudzora, dzivirirai nguva yekutumbuka sitirobheri, uye bvisai nyuchi mushedhi kana muchiisa mishonga yezvipembenene; spinosad haina chepfu kunyuchi.)
3. Nyeredzi mhere
(1) Dziviriro yezvekurima nekudzora:bvisa sora mumunda uye kubvisa kunobva tumbuyu overwintering; kurumidza kugogodza mashizha ezasi echipembenene cheshizha uye uvabudise kunze kwemunda kuti uparadzwe nechepakati.
(2) Kudzora zvipenyu:Shandisa vavengi venyama kudzora huwandu hwemadandemutande matsvuku mukutanga kwechiitiko, uye kusunungura Amblyseidia barbari mumunda, ine 50-150 vanhu / square mita, kana Phytoseiid mite ine 3-6 vanhu / square mita.
(3) Kudzivirira uye kutonga kwemakemikari:Kutanga kushandiswa, 43% diphenazine kumiswa 2000-3000 nguva uye 1.8% abamectin 2000-3000 nguva inogona kushandiswa pakupfapfaidza. Dzora kamwe chete mazuva manomwe. Mhedzisiro yeimwe kushandiswa kwemakemikari ichava nani. kugona. (Diphenyl hydrazine neabamectin zvine muchetura kunyuchi. Pamufirita kuti mudzore, dzivirirai nguva yekutumbuka sitirobheri, uye bvisai nyuchi mushedhi kana muchiisa mishonga yezvipembenene.)
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-18-2023
