Madomasimuriwo une mukurumbira asi unobatwa nezvirwere zvakasiyana siyana. Kunzwisisa zvirwere izvi uye kutora matanho anoshanda ekudzora inhanho yakakosha mukuchengetedza hutano hwemadomasi kukura. Muchikamu chino, tichazivisa zvakadzama zvirwere zvakajairika zvematomatisi uye nzira dzekudzora, uye kutsanangura mamwe mazwi ane chekuita nehunyanzvi.
Tomato Bacterial Spot
Tomato bhakitiriya Spotinokonzerwa nebhakitiriyaXanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoriauye inonyanya kukanganisa mashizha nemichero. Muchikamu chekutanga chechirwere, zviduku zvemvura zvinoonekwa pamashizha. Sezvo chirwere ichi chichifambira mberi, mavara zvishoma nezvishoma anoshanduka kuva madema uye yero halo inoumba kumativi ose. Mumatambudziko akaoma, mashizha achaoma uye anodonha, uye mavara madema achaonekwa pamusoro pemuchero, zvichiita kuti michero iore uye inokanganisa zvibereko uye hutano.
Nzira yekutumira:
Chirwere ichi chinoparadzirwa nemvura, mvura yekudiridza, mhepo netumbuyu, asiwo nemidziyo ine tsvina uye mabasa evanhu. The pathogen overwinter mune zvirwere zvakasara uye ivhu uye reinfect zvirimwa muchirimo kana mamiriro ezvinhu zvakanaka.
Tomato Bacterial Spot
Inokurudzirwa Pharmaceutical Ingredients uye Kurapa Sarudzo:
Copper-based fungicides: semuenzaniso, copper hydroxide kana Bordeaux solution, inomwaya mazuva manomwe kusvika gumi ega ega. Kugadzirira kwemhangura kunoshanda mukudzivisa kubereka uye kupararira kwebhakitiriya.
Streptomycin: Isaya mazuva gumi ega ega, kunyanya panotanga chirwere ichi, Streptomycin inodzivirira kuita kwemabhakitiriya uye inonotsa kukura kwechirwere.
Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria
Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria ibhakitiriya inokonzera kusvava kwematomatisi nemhiripiri. Inoparadzirwa nekunaya kwemvura kana mechanical transmission uye inobata mashizha nemichero yechirimwa ichikonzera makwapa emvura anoshanduka zvishoma nezvishoma matema uye mumatambudziko akaoma anoita kuti mashizha aome uye adonha.
Tomato Root Kuora
Tomato root rotinokonzerwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzevhu, senge Fusarium spp. uye Pythium spp. uye kunyanya inotapurira midzi. Pakutanga kwechirwere, midzi inoratidza kuora kwemvura, iyo inoshanduka zvishoma nezvishoma kuva ruvara rutsvuku kana ruvara, uye pakupedzisira midzi yose inoora. Miti inorwara inoratidza kukura kwakamira, kutsvuka uye kusvava kwemashizha, izvo zvinozoita kuti chirimwa chife.
Nzira dzekutumira:
Utachiona uhu hunoparadzirwa kuburikidza nevhu nemvura yekudiridza uye hunofarira kuwanda muhunyoro hwepamusoro uye nemamiriro ekushisa. Ivhu rine utachiona uye zvitubu zvemvura ndiyo nzira huru yekutapurirana, uye utachiona hunogona zvakare kuparadzirwa nemidziyo, mhodzi uye zvisaririra zvezvirimwa.
Tomato Root Kuora
Inokurudzirwa mishonga yemishonga uye chirongwa chekurapa:
Metalaxyl: Isaya mazuva gumi ega ega, kunyanya panguva yekuwanda kwechirwere.Metalaxyl inoshanda pakurwisa kuora kwemidzi kunokonzerwa nePythium spp.
Carbendazim: Inoshanda pakurwisa hosha dzevhu dzakasiyana-siyana, uye inogona kushandiswa kurapa ivhu risati radyarwa kana kupfapfaidzwa panguva yekutanga kwechirwere. Fusarium spp.
Fusarium spp.
Fusarium spp. inoreva boka refungi mumhando yeFusarium inokonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvirimwa, kusanganisira midzi yemadomasi uye kuora kwedzinde. Dzinopararira nemuvhu nemvura, dzichitapura midzi nedzinde rechirimwa, zvichikonzera kusviba nekuwora kwematishu, kusvava kwechirimwa, uye kunyange kufa.
Pythium spp.
Pythium spp. zvinoreva boka rezviumbwa zvemvura murudzi rwePythium, uye utachiona uhu hunowanzo gara munzvimbo dzakanyorova uye dzine mvura yakawandisa. Vanokonzera kuora kwemidzi yematomatisi izvo zvinoita kuti midzi iore nekuwora nembesa dzakamira kana dzakafa.
Tomato Grey mold
Tomato Grey mold inokonzerwa nefungus Botrytis cinerea, inowanzoitika munzvimbo dzine mwando. Pakutanga kwechirwere, mavara emvura anoonekwa pamuchero, madzinde uye mashizha, ayo anofukidzwa zvishoma nezvishoma nemucheka wegrey mold. Muzviitiko zvakanyanya, muchero unoora uye unodonha, uye madzinde nemashizha zvinoshanduka zvitsvuku uye zvinoora.
Nzira yekutumira:
Iyo fungus inoparadzirwa nemhepo, mvura, uye kubata, uye inofarira kubereka munzvimbo dzakanyorova, dzinotonhorera. Iyo fungus overwinters pamarara echirimwa uye inodzoreredza chirimwa muchirimo kana mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka.
Tomato grey mold
Inokurudzirwa Pharmaceutical Ingredients uye Kurapa Sarudzo:
Carbendazim: Isaya mazuva gumi ega ega kuti uite fungicidal action.
Iprodione: yakapfapfaidzwa mazuva ese 7-10, ine zvirinani kudzora maitiro pane grey mold. Iprodione inogona kunyatso kudzora kukura kwechirwere uye kuderedza michero kuora.
Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinerea ifungus inokonzera grey mold uye inokanganisa zvakanyanya zvirimwa zvakasiyana. Inowanda nekukurumidza munzvimbo dzakanyorova, ichigadzira grey mold layer iyo inonyanya kukanganisa michero, maruva, uye mashizha, zvichikonzera kuora kwemichero uye kukanganisa hutano hwese hwechirimwa.
Tomato Gray Leaf Spot
Tomato grey leaf spot inokonzerwa nefungus Stemphylium solani. Pakutanga kwechirwere, mavara maduku machena-grey anoonekwa pamashizha, kumucheto kwemavara ari pachena, zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera, nzvimbo yepakati inova yakaoma, uye pakupedzisira inotungamirira pakurasikirwa kwemashizha. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, photosynthesis yechirimwa inovharwa, kukura kunomira, uye goho rinoderera.
Nzira yekutumira:
Utachiona hunoparadzirwa nemhepo, mvura uye kubata uye hunofarira kuberekana munzvimbo dzakanyorova uye dzinodziya. Iyo pathogen overwinters mumarara ezvirimwa uye ivhu uye inodzoreredza zvirimwa muchirimo kana mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka.
Tomato Gray Leaf Spot
Inokurudzirwa Pharmaceutical Ingredients uye Kurapa Sarudzo:
Mancozeb: Pfaya mazuva manomwe kusvika gumi ega ega kuti udzivise uye urapwe grey leaf spot.Mancozeb mushonga unoshanda wakawanda unodzivirira kupararira kwechirwere.
Thiophanate-methyl: Pfapfaidza mazuva gumi ega ega, uine simba rebhaktericidal effect. thiophanate-methyl ine simba rakakura pane grey leaf spot, inogona kunyatso kudzora kukura kwechirwere.
Stemphylium solani
Stemphylium solani ifungus inokonzera grey leaf spot pamatomatisi. Iyo fungus inoumba mavara egrey-brown pamashizha, ane mipendero yakasiyana yemavara, uye zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera kuti iite kuti mashizha adonhe, zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya photosynthesis uye kukura kwehutano hwechirimwa.
Tomato stem rot
Tomato stem rot inokonzerwa nefungus Fusarium oxysporum, iyo inonyanya kurwisa pasi pedzinde. Pakutanga kwechirwere, makwapa ebrown anoonekwa pazasi pedzinde, zvishoma nezvishoma achikura uye kuora, zvichikonzera kusviba uye kusvava pazasi pedzinde. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, chirimwa chinosvava uye chinofa.
Nzira yekutumira:
Utachiona hunoparadzirwa kuburikidza nevhu nemvura yekudiridza uye hunofarira kuberekana pasi pe tembiricha yepamusoro uye hunyoro hwepamusoro. Ivhu rine utachiona uye zvitubu zvemvura ndiyo nzira huru yekutapurirana, uye utachiona hunogonawo kuparadzirwa nembeu, maturusi nemarara ezvirimwa.
Tomato stem rot
Inokurudzirwa mishonga yemishonga uye chirongwa chekurapa:
Metalaxyl: Mwaya mazuva manomwe kusvika gumi ega ega, kunyanya panguva yekuwanda kwechirwere.Metalaxyl inoshanda zvakanyanya pakurwisa stem basal rot.
Carbendazim: Inoshanda kurwisa Fusarium oxysporum, kunyanya mumatanho ekutanga echirwere.
Fusarium oxysporum
Fusarium oxysporum ifungus inokonzeresa kuora kwehunde yemadomasi. Inopararira nemuvhu nemvura uye inokanganisa midzi nedzinde rechirimwa, zvichiita kuti nyama ishanduke uye kuora, uye kukonzera kusvava nekufa kwechirimwa.
Tomato stem blight
Tomato stem canker inokonzerwa nefungus Didymella lycopersici, rinonyanya kuuraya dzinde. Pakutanga kwechirwere, zvigamba zvakasvibirira zvakasvibirira zvinoonekwa pamatanda, izvo zvishoma nezvishoma zvinowedzera uye zvinokonzera kuoma. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, madzinde anotsemuka uye kukura kwechirimwa kunodzivirirwa, zvichizoguma nekufa kwechirimwa.
Nzira yekutumira:
Utachiona hunoparadzirwa kuburikidza nevhu, marara ezvirimwa uye mhepo nemvura inonaya, ichifarira kuberekana munzvimbo dzakanyorova uye dzinotonhorera. The pathogen overwinters mumarara ane chirwere uye inodzorera zvirimwa muchirimo kana mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka.
Tomato stem blight
Inokurudzirwa Pharmaceutical Ingredients uye Kurapa Sarudzo:
Thiophanate-methyl: pfapfaidza mazuva ega ega e10 kuitira kudzora zvinobudirira stem blight.Thiophanate-methyl inodzivisa kupararira uye kuwanda kwechirwere uye inoderedza kuitika kwechirwere.
Carbendazim: Iine yakanaka bactericidal mhedzisiro uye inogona kushandiswa padanho rekutanga rechirwere. carbendazim ine simba rakakura pa stem blight uye inogona kunyatso kudzora kukura kwechirwere.
Didymella lycopersici
Didymella lycopersici ifungus inokonzera tomato stem blight. Inonyanya kukuvadza madzinde, zvichiita kuti zvigamba zvakasvibirira zvionekwe padzinde uye zvishoma nezvishoma zvichioma, zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya kutakurwa kwemvura uye kudya kwechirimwa, uye zvinoguma nekufa kwechirimwa.
Tomato late blight
Tomato late blight inokonzerwa nePhytophthora infestans uye inowanzoitika munzvimbo dzakanyorova uye dzinotonhorera. Chirwere chinotanga nerima rakasvibirira, mavara ane mvura pamashizha, anokurumidza kuwedzera uye anoita kuti shizha rose rife. Mavara akafanana anoonekwa pamuchero uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuora.
Nzira yekufambisa:
Utachiona hunoparadzirwa nemhepo, mvura uye kusangana, uye hunofarira kubereka mumamiriro ezvinhu akanyorova, anotonhorera. Iyo pathogen overwinter mumarara ezvirimwa uye inodzoreredza chirimwa muchirimo kana mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka.
Tomato late blight
Zvinokurudzirwa Zvikamu uye Kurapa Sarudzo:
Metalaxyl: Pfapfaidza mazuva manomwe kusvika gumi ega ega kuti udzivise kunonoka blight. metalaxyl inhibits kupararira kwechirwere uye inoderedza kuitika kwechirwere.
Dimethomorph: Pfapfaidza mazuva gumi ega ega kuti udzore zvakanaka kunonoka blight. dimethomorph inogona kunyatso kudzora kukura kwechirwere uye kuderedza michero kuora.
Phytophthora infestans
Phytophthora infestans chirwere chinokonzera kunonoka blight pamadomasi nembatatisi. Icho chifukidzo chemvura chinofarira mamiriro akanyorova uye anotonhorera, zvichikonzera rima rakasvibira, mavara ane mvura pamashizha nemichero inopararira nekukurumidza uye inokonzera kufa kwechirimwa.
Tomato leaf mold
Tomato leaf mold inokonzerwa nefungus Cladosporium fulvum uye inowanzoitika munzvimbo dzine mwando. Pakutanga kwechirwere, grey-girini mold inoonekwa kumashure kwemashizha, uye kune mavara eyero kumberi kwemashizha. Sezvo chirwere chinokura, mold layer inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, zvichiita kuti mashizha aite yero uye anodonha.
Nzira yekutumira:
Utachiona hunoparadzirwa nemhepo, mvura uye kubata, uye inofarira kubereka munzvimbo dzakanyorova uye dzinodziya. Iyo pathogen overwinter mumarara ezvirimwa uye inodzoreredza chirimwa muchirimo kana mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka.
Tomato leaf mold
Inokurudzirwa Pharmaceutical Ingredients uye Kurapa Sarudzo:
Chlorothalonil: Pfapfaidza mazuva manomwe kusvika gumi ega ega kuti unyatso kudzora kweshizha mold Chlorothalonil is wide-spectrum fungicide inodzivirira kupararira nekupararira kwechirwere.
Thiophanate-methyl: Pfapfaidza mazuva gumi ega ega kuti ukwanise kudzora mold yemashizha. thiophanate-methyl inoshanda mukudzora kukura kwechirwere uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemashizha.
Kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwesainzi uye zvine musoro maajenti uye manejimendi ekugadzirisa, zvirwere zvemadomasi zvinogona kudzorwa nekudzivirirwa zvine hutano kuti ive nechokwadi chekukura kwakanaka kwezvirimwa zvemadomasi, kuvandudza goho uye kunaka.
Cladosporium fulvum
Cladosporium fulvum ifungus inokonzera tomato leaf mold. Iyo fungus inowedzera nekukurumidza pasi pemamiriro ehunyoro uye inokanganisa mashizha, zvichiita kuti grey-green mold pasi pemashizha uye mavara eyero kumberi kwemashizha, zvichiita kuti mashizha abscission mumatambudziko akaoma.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-28-2024
